Hydrological modeling in mexico as a basis for sustainable agricultural development: A review

Abstract

The goal was to analyze hydrological modeling as strategic tool to assess the impact of land use and climate change on hydrological resources in agricultural systems. The documentary research technique was applied, through the process of collecting and systematizing information. A bibliometric study was carried out to know the scientific production between 2013 and 2023 registered in SCOPUS. Bibliometric network maps were built and indicators were generated. Results showed that hydrological modeling has increased in the last decade both internationally and in Mexico. In the international context the following lines of research have been developed: i) surface runoff at the basin level (37%), ii) hydrological models for comprehensive water management (22%) and iii) impact of climate change on the hydrological balance (20%). In Mexico, they have mainly been developed on: i) vulnerability and risk to floods (25%); ii) surface runoff (18%) and iii) impact of climate change on the hydrological balance (17%). Our findings show that the use of the SWAT model stands out in most of the research topics worldwide and in Mexico. This is because it is the most robust model according to the review. There are evidence on the need to delve deeper into the impact of the hydrological balance in agricultural production systems and the effect they will have under climate change conditions.